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Quality of production
VVER reactor fuel

VVER-440 fuel assemblies (FA) have been manufactured since 1963. Presently supplies are made to meet the demands of NPP in Russia, Ukraine, Armenia, Eastern European countries and Finland.

A VVER-440 FA is composed of 126 fuel rods with zirconium alloy claddings, which are filled with fuel pellets of uranium dioxide.

To improve reactor physical properties and safety some fuel rods are filled with pellets containing gadolinium oxide.

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TVEL Fuel Company Address:
49 Kashirskoe shosse,
Moscow 115409
Tel.: +7 495 239-49-22,
+7 495 988-8282 (commutator)
Fax: +7 495 988-8383 ext. 6956
E-mail: info@tvel.ru  

Home Nuclear power
Useful links

Governing and Supervisory Bodies of the RF

The State Duma of the RF, Committee for Energy, Transport and Communications
http://www.duma.gov.ru/ (In Russian)

Federal Atomic Energy Agency (Rosatom)
http://www.minatom.ru/ (In Russian)

Federal Agency for Federal Property Management (Rosimuschestvo)
http://www.rosim.ru/ (In Russian)

Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision (Rostekhnadzor)
http://www.gosnadzor.ru/ (In Russian)


Enterprises and Organizations, RF Nuclear Industry* 

CJSC Atomstroyexport, (construction and operation of NPPs outside Russia)
http://www.atomstroyexport.ru/

«Rosenergoatom» (state concern operating NPPs of Russia) 
http://www.rosenergoatom.ru (In Russian)

Bilibino nuclear power plant
http://www.wdcb.ru/mining/binpp/BiNPP.html (In Russian)

Volgodonsk nuclear power plant
http://www.rosnpp.org.ru/ (In Russian)

Kalinin nuclear power plant
http://www.knpp.ru/

Kola nuclear power plant
http://www.kolanpp.ru/

Kursk nuclear power plant
http://www.kunpp.ru/ (In Russian)

Leningrad nuclear power plant
http://www.laes.ru/

Novovoronezh nuclear power plant
http://www.nvnpp.vrn.ru/

JSC Techsnabexport, (export of  goods and services in the field of NFC)
http://www.tenex.ru

*- Note:  to find TVEL Corporation’s Enterprises click here: http://www.tvel.ru/ru/enterprises/


Research & Development and Design Organizations, Russian Federation

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Automation named after N. L. Dukhov
http://www.vniia.ru/

All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics (Sarov)
http://www.vniief.ru/

All-Russian Research Institute of Technical Physics
http://www.vniitf.ru/ (In Russian)

Joint  Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna)
http://www.jinr.ru/

«Gidropress», Experimental Design Bureau (Podolsk)
http://www.grpress.podolsk.ru/

I.I. Afrikantov OKB Mechanical Engineering
http://www.okbm.nnov.ru/index.php

The Nuclear Safety Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences (IBRAE)
http://www.ibrae.ac.ru

Russian Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»
http://www.kiae.ru/ (In Russian)

State Scientific Center of RF Research Institute of Atomic Reactors, (RIAR) (Dimitrovgrad)
http://www.niiar.ru/

Research and Development Institute of Power Engineering
http://www.nikiet.ru/

“Khlopin Radium Institute” Research and Production Association (St. Petersburg)
http://www.khlopin.ru/

State Research Center of the Russian Federation - Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Thermonuclear Researches
http://www.triniti.ru/

State Scientific Center Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, (Obninsk)
http://www.ippe.obninsk.ru/ (In Russian)


Other sites about Nuclear Power Industry

Children’s Nuclear Academy
http://www.dya.ru/ (In Russian)

International Association of Young Scientists of Nuclear Industry
http://www.desnay.ru/ (In Russian)

Youth Department of Russian Nuclear Society
http://www.nucleus.ru/

Nuclear.ru (research and information website for Nuclear Industry Specialists)
http://www.nuclear.ru/

Foreign Organizations and Websites (English)

European Nuclear Society (ENS)
http://www.euronuclear.org/

European Atomic Forum (FORATOM)
http://www.foratom.org/

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA, Vienna, Austria)
http://www.iaea.org

Nuclear Industry Association (NIA)
http://www.niauk.org/

World Association of Nuclear Operators (WANO, London, UK)
http://www.wano.org.uk/

World Nuclear Association (WNA, London, UK)
http://www.world-nuclear.org/

World Nuclear Fuel Market (WNFM)
http://www.wnfm.com/

 

Nuclear fuel cycle

Nuclear fuel cycle is a combination of techniques for mining uranium, nuclear reactor fuel production and preparing the fuel for the use and after-use disposal. The notion “fuel cycle” specifies the fact that spent or irradiated nuclear fuel (SNF) can be regenerated after special treatment. The nuclear fuel cycle, including ultimate disposal of high-level waste, takes generally 50 to 100 years.

Nuclear power fuel cycle can be divided into three phases. The initial phase covers uranium ore mining through supply of fabricated fuel assemblies to NPP sites. The next phase includes reactor operation to generate electricity and temporary store SNF at NPP site. The final phase includes several operations: irradiated fuel transportation to a special storage facility or SNF reprocessing plant and burial of vitrified high-level waste after reprocessing.

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